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What is Esophageal Cancer?

Esophageal cancer occurs in the esophagus — a long, hollow tube that runs from your throat to your stomach. Your esophagus helps move the food you swallow from the back of your throat to your stomach to be digested. Esophageal cancer usually begins in the cells that line the inside of the esophagus. Esophageal cancer can occur anywhere along the esophagus. More men than women get esophageal cancer.

What are the types of esophageal cancer?

Esophageal cancer treatment is classified according to the type of cells that are involved. The type of esophageal cancer you have helps determine your treatment options. Types of esophageal cancer include:

What are the causes? 

Esophageal cancer occurs when cells in the esophagus develop changes (mutations) in their DNA. The changes make cells grow and divide out of control. The accumulating abnormal cells form a tumor in the esophagus that can grow to invade nearby structures and spread to other parts of the body.

Symptoms

Signs and symptoms of esophageal cancer include: Early esophageal cancer typically causes no signs or symptoms.

Diagnosis

Tests and procedures used to diagnose esophageal cancer include:

Treatment

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